Donna comes from the Latin domna, syncopated form of domination, that mistress. Until the end of the thirteenth century the term used to mean "woman" was "female", but then took off in Tuscany using "woman", and from there the word spread throughout Italy. The women were often discriminated against in many cultures around the world who recognized their abilities and roles limited to procreation and the upbringing of the child and the family.
At first civilization in Mesopotamia (Egypt, Persia, Assyria, Babylon), the woman had a very high position in society. In these places was also a matriarchy, and then, with the rise of monarchies, the military lost prestige and they began to form the harem, from which women could not go out and where they could see no man except the eunuchs of her husband.
In ancient Greece, the rich woman was kept at home, while poor women were forced to work and then, paradoxically, had a certain freedom. The women had no political rights, could not, therefore, vote or be elected as members of the Assembly, during the age of the poleis and were not subject to legal legislation. A woman was not guilty, for example, the crime of adultery, unlike man, because it was deemed an "object of the offense." The home life was very different from today. The woman spent much time in contact with the mother of her husband, in the harem, and it had a primary role on his education. In Greece, in addition, wives who were dedicated exclusively to the education of legitimate children, the concubines who had stable sexual relationship with a man and a companion for pleasure. There were prostitutes who carry out their operation in the streets or in brothels. Occupied the last "step up the social ladder.
In ancient Rome, however, she was considered almost equal to man, for example, both parents had equal obligations towards their children and she could accompany her husband to a party, as long as he ate sitting and not lying was the norm for men. Some, though, the limitations posed by the Roman law to the legal capacity of women: they did not have the votes and the ius ius honorum, which prevented them from access to public courts. In the field of private law was also denied women the country potestas, the exclusive prerogative of the pater familias, and consequently the ability to adopt children.
Christianity, then, forced submission of women to men, but was considered important as the children grow spiritually. With the arrival of the barbarian Franks and Lombards in Italy, women's conditions worsened. It was, in fact, an object in the hands of his father, until he decided to sell it to a man. However, after the thousand years, with the advent of the "dolce stil novo, the woman is" angelic "and regarded as a mediator between God and man (Beatrice, docet!). During the Inquisition some women were considered representatives of the Devil on Earth (the so-called witches) able to deceive the man pushing him to sin in any way. Becoming
, one of the finest modern literature's assertions that binds in some way, to literature "angelic" dolce stil de novo, it is perhaps that of Dominique Lapierre, in The City of Joy "Women are the other half of heaven. " Moving from this statement, the women of today, with demonstrations feminist, demanded and obtained a gradual change towards gender equality. The first milestone was the achievement of the right to vote the suffragettes who fought. Following the world wars, women, who had replaced the many men sent to the front, on the job, won major roles in society and employment opportunities outside the family. Other recent and important achievements were: the possibility of divorce, the legalization of abortion and economic independence.
In ancient Greece, the rich woman was kept at home, while poor women were forced to work and then, paradoxically, had a certain freedom. The women had no political rights, could not, therefore, vote or be elected as members of the Assembly, during the age of the poleis and were not subject to legal legislation. A woman was not guilty, for example, the crime of adultery, unlike man, because it was deemed an "object of the offense." The home life was very different from today. The woman spent much time in contact with the mother of her husband, in the harem, and it had a primary role on his education. In Greece, in addition, wives who were dedicated exclusively to the education of legitimate children, the concubines who had stable sexual relationship with a man and a companion for pleasure. There were prostitutes who carry out their operation in the streets or in brothels. Occupied the last "step up the social ladder.
In ancient Rome, however, she was considered almost equal to man, for example, both parents had equal obligations towards their children and she could accompany her husband to a party, as long as he ate sitting and not lying was the norm for men. Some, though, the limitations posed by the Roman law to the legal capacity of women: they did not have the votes and the ius ius honorum, which prevented them from access to public courts. In the field of private law was also denied women the country potestas, the exclusive prerogative of the pater familias, and consequently the ability to adopt children.
Christianity, then, forced submission of women to men, but was considered important as the children grow spiritually. With the arrival of the barbarian Franks and Lombards in Italy, women's conditions worsened. It was, in fact, an object in the hands of his father, until he decided to sell it to a man. However, after the thousand years, with the advent of the "dolce stil novo, the woman is" angelic "and regarded as a mediator between God and man (Beatrice, docet!). During the Inquisition some women were considered representatives of the Devil on Earth (the so-called witches) able to deceive the man pushing him to sin in any way. Becoming
, one of the finest modern literature's assertions that binds in some way, to literature "angelic" dolce stil de novo, it is perhaps that of Dominique Lapierre, in The City of Joy "Women are the other half of heaven. " Moving from this statement, the women of today, with demonstrations feminist, demanded and obtained a gradual change towards gender equality. The first milestone was the achievement of the right to vote the suffragettes who fought. Following the world wars, women, who had replaced the many men sent to the front, on the job, won major roles in society and employment opportunities outside the family. Other recent and important achievements were: the possibility of divorce, the legalization of abortion and economic independence.
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